The objective of this research is to utilize waste slag in industrial applications and help mitigate flooding, water accumulation, and ponding issues. Currently, slag from the steel smelting or refining process is commonly used as a component in construction materials, such as road surfaces. However, slag has properties that make it difficult for water to permeate, leading to poor drainage and increased flooding problems. This study focuses on improving the properties of pavement materials to enhance their strength and water permeability. This can be achieved through physical structural modifications or the addition of chemical agents such as HPMC, which increases void spaces to facilitate water absorption and drainage according to required standards. The utilization of waste slag not only helps reduce production costs and improve material performance but also minimizes environmental impacts and promotes the sustainable use of resources.
ในปัจจุบันตะกรันที่เหลือจากการถลุงเหล็กหรือหลอมเหล็กนั้นมีอยู่เป็นจำนวนมากส่วนใหญ่จะใช้ในการนำไปเป็นส่วนผสมของการทำถนนแต่ยังไม่สามารถทำให้น้ำซึมผ่านถนนไปได้ จึงเกิดเป็นแรง บันดาลใจที่จะนำตะกรันมาทำเป็นวัสดุปูพื้นระบายน้ำ เพื่อแก้ปัญหาน้ำท่วมหรือน้ำขังเป็นแอ่งมีความแข็งแรง ทนทาน สามารถรับน้ำหนักของสิ่งที่มีน้ำหนักมากๆและมีระยะเวลาในการใช้งานได้นานโดยโครงการนี้จะมุ่งเน้นในการศึกษาและปรับปรุงคุณสมบัติวัสดุปูพื้นให้มีความแข็งแรงและระบายน้ำได้ดี เช่น การปรับโครงสร้างด้านกายภาพ หรือทางเคมี เช่น การใส่ส่วนผสมของ เถ้าลอยแคลเซียมคาร์บอเนต เพื่อเพิ่มความแข็งแรงให้กับวัสดุปูพื้น จากนั้นนำ HPMC มาใส่เพื่อให้ซีเมนต์ไม่จับตัวเป็นก้อนจนไม่สามารถให้น้ำไหลผ่าน การที่ใส่ HPMC จะช่วยเพิ่มช่องว่างในการซึมผ่านหรือระบายน้ำได้ได้ดีขึ้นตามอัตราส่วนที่ต้องการหรือได้ตามมาตรฐาน การนำตะกรันเหลือทิ้งมาใช้จะไม่เพียงแค่ช่วยลดต้นทุนและเพิ่มประโยชน์การใช้งานเท่านั้น แต่ยังช่วยส่งเสริมการใช้ทรัพยากรให้มีค่าทุกๆสัดส่วน แม้กระทั่งตะกรันเหลือทิ้งจากการถลุงเหล็ก และลดผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมในกระบวนการผลิตและการใช้งาน
คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
This study was conducted to develop a prototype cooling cover for transporting raw milk, aiming to provide a solution for maintaining the quality of raw milk during transportation to milk collection centers. The cooling cover is made using Phase Change Material (PCM), produced from water mixed with a gelling agent, in an amount of 5.6 kg, attached around an aluminum milk tank (with a capacity of 25 L). The cover is then covered with a UV-reflective fabric in two types: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The temperature reduction performance of both types of covers was evaluated by measuring water temperatures at various points along the radial and vertical directions of the milk tank at six points, using type-T thermocouples, under three environmental conditions: a constant temperature of 25 °C, 35 °C, and outdoor ambient temperature (average temperature 35.5 °C) for a minimum duration of 180 min. The experimental results revealed that at 120 min., the water in the tank covered with PCM-PVC and PCM-HDPE covers had temperatures lower than the ambient temperature by 12.6 °C and 12.9 °C, respectively, under a constant ambient temperature of 25 °C, and under a constant ambient temperature of 35 °C lower by 16.7 °C and 16.4 °C, respectively, and outdoor conditions. Since the temperature reduction performance of PCM-PVC and PCM-HDPE covers showed no significant difference, the performance of microbial quality preservation of raw milk was assessed only with PCM-PVC cover in comparison to a non-covered case (control), by measuring coliform and Escherichia coli counts using compact dry plates. Results indicated that after 120 min., milk in the tank covered with PCM-PVC had an average coliform count of 1.6 × 10^4 CFU/ml and E. coli count of 2 × 10^3 CFU/ml, which was lower than the non-covered control with an average coliform count of 1.5 × 10^4 CFU/ml and E. coli count of 1.1 × 10^4 CFU/ml. This study concludes that the temperature reduction achieved by the cooling cover can help inhibit coliform growth to levels below raw milk quality standards, demonstrating the potential of the cooling cover in maintaining the quality and safety of raw milk during transport, ultimately contributing to an improved quality of life for Thai dairy farmers.
คณะวิทยาศาสตร์
With the urgent need for rapid screening of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) due to its association with increased liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma cases from contaminated agricultural foods, we propose a novel electrochemical aptasensor. This aptasensor is based on trimetallic nanoparticles AuPt-Ru supported by reduced graphene oxide (AuPt-Ru/RGO) modified on a low-cost and disposable goldleaf electrode (GLEAuPt-Ru/RGO) for detection of AFB1. The trimetallic nanoparticle AuPt-Ru was synthesized using an ultrasonic-driven chemical reduction method. The synthesized AuPt-Ru exhibited a waxberry-like appearance, with AuPt core-shell structure and ruthenium dispersed over the particles. The average particle size was 57.35 ± 8.24 nm. The AuPt-Ru was integrated into RGO sheets (inner diameter of 0.5 to 1.6 µm) in order to enhance electron transfer efficiency and increase the specific immobilizing surface area of the thiol-5’-terminated modified aptamer (Apt) to target AFB1. With a large electrochemical surface area and low electrochemical impedance, GLEAuPt-Ru/RGO displays ultra-high sensitivity for AFB1 detection. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements revealed a linear range for AFB1 detection range from 0.3 to 30.0 pg mL-1 (R2 = 0.9972), with a limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) and a limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 10) of 0.009 pg mL-1 and 0.031 pg mL-1, respectively. The developed aptasensor also demonstrated excellent accuracy in real agricultural products, including dried red chili, garlic, peanut, pepper, and Thai jasmine rice, achieving recovery rates between 94.6 and 107.9%. The fabricated aptamer-based GLEAuPt-Ru/RGO performance is comparable to that of a modified commercial electrode, which has great potential application prospects for detecting AFB1 in agricultural products.
คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
This cooperative education report presents a project for developing a Distributed Control System (DCS) for boilers in a sugar factory. The objective is to enhance the control system for boilers 1-8 to operate cohesively within the DCS framework provided by ABB, utilizing the ABB Ability™ System 800xA software. The overall functionality of the system involves creating a control program that begins with the utilization of bagasse, a byproduct from the sugar extraction process, as fuel for the boiler. The program manages various operations of the boiler, including the intake of air into the combustion chamber, the internal functioning of the boiler, and the treatment of flue gases before their release into the atmosphere. The project encompasses the development of the DCS program, the design and creation of HMI display graphics, the study and design of the boiler control system, the documentation of the project, and the control processes utilizing the ABB Ability™ System 800xA software, culminating in the operational outcomes.