Most rice is consumed as cooked, milled rice, but a small portion is also ground into flour or separated into a starch fraction and used by the food industry as a gluten-free ingredient. This study aims to find out if different types of rice flour and starch, such as white and colored rice, could be used in industry. This study employs green modification techniques to slow down the digestion process by combining polyphenols with starch. Our initial study found that the raw colored rice has a lower glycemic index than other types of rice, such as brown or white rice. Another study that looked at how the quality of colored rice flour was changed by different methods also discovered that out of the six green methods (annealing, heat moisture treatment, ultrasound, pregelatinization, wet-microwave, and dry-microwave). It found that ultrasound improved the polyphenol bioaccessibility in the rice flour and reduced the digestion rate. The pregelatinization process led to the flour having high solubility and an estimated glycemic index. Different techniques affected the flour/starch quality in different ways. Therefore, for further industrial application, it could also be easier to select the method for food product based on their required techno-functional quality of flour/starch. In addition to the modification techniques, this study showed that the high bioaccessible polyphenol content and high polyphenol content in rice greatly slowed down the rate of digestion. This study also open for further exploring the possibility of using high polyphenol agricultural waste to modify starch and flour in a sustainable manner.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial staple crop that supplies nutritional sustenance for half of the global population (Shao et al., 2018). Moreover, rice constitutes a significant commercial crop in Thailand, with its grains serving as a staple food, and a diverse array of rice types is present throughout the nation (Suebpongsang et al., 2020). Multiple rice types have been developed in Thailand, including colored/pigmented rice and non-pigmented rice, commonly referred to as brown and white rice, which can be utilized in many industries (Yamuangmorn & Prom, 2021). Furthermore, rice is regarded as a naturally gluten-free ingredient. Rice flour or starch can be utilized to create a variety of products, including cookies, bread, noodles, and crackers. Due to the elevated carbohydrate content in rice, most rice products are regarded as having a high glycemic index (GI). The link between polyphenols and digestive behavior has become a topic of attention, particularly for rice and its products. Researchers predominantly conducted comparisons of the features of pigmented rice and non-pigmented rice (with/without eGI) across various areas or types (Tangsrianugul et al., 2019; Verma & Srivastav, 2020; Waewkum & Singthong, 2021). Nevertheless, there remains a deficiency in information regarding the association between endogenous antioxidant qualities and other starch characteristics, which might be further considered for predicting the nutritional value of rice and for enhancing the foundational knowledge necessary for the development of rice products. The versatility of rice flour in industrial applications is primarily influenced by its physicochemical properties and usefulness. Unprocessed rice has limited utility and applicability (Iqbal et al., 2023). Consequently, novel techniques are necessary to enhance the quality of rice flours for further processing. Therefore, this research may offer essential insights for further investigation into select rice varieties and modification techniques for specific industrial applications by utilizing the starch-polyphenols complex concept.
คณะเทคโนโลยีการเกษตร
This research gives a comprehensive overview of the use of antibiotics in livestock production, highlighting both the benefits and the risks associated with their use. The benefits, such as improving immunity, digestion, and reducing infections, are contrasted with the growing concern over antibiotic residues and the development of drug resistance. The shift towards alternatives like probiotics is explored as a sustainable solution, with a specific focus on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) found in the digestive systems of livestock. Thailand’s regulations, which control antibiotic use in animal feed, are also discussed, setting the stage for the study on LAB as a potential replacement for imported probiotics. 1. Use of Antibiotics in Livestock: Antibiotics have been used to promote growth, improve digestion, and prevent infections in livestock. However, the improper use of antibiotics can lead to residues in animal products and the development of drug-resistant bacteria. 2. Global Trends in Antibiotic Use: Many countries, like the European Union and Japan, have banned antibiotics as growth promoters, while others, like China and the U.S., are planning similar bans. 3. Thailand's Approach: Thailand has implemented a regulation since September 2020 to control the use of antibiotics in animal feed, requiring control at both feed mills and farms that mix their own feed. 4. Probiotics as an Alternative: Probiotics, particularly lactic acid bacteria (LAB), are being studied as an alternative to antibiotics. LAB are naturally found in the digestive tracts of livestock and are considered beneficial for maintaining gut health and replacing the need for antibiotics. The study examines the potential of LAB from Thai livestock (broilers, pigs, and cattle) as a sustainable alternative to imported probiotics, aiming to overcome issues like low survival rates of foreign probiotics in practice.
คณะเทคโนโลยีการเกษตร
Supplementing broilers with different levels of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) under stress conditions, such as higher stocking densities and recycled litter that were not a significant difference in broiler performance, carcass quality and meat quality between the FOS-supplemented groups and the control group (p>0.05). FOS supplementation improved intestinal health by increasing the villus height to crypt depth ratio Lactobacillus populations increased, and Escherichia coli decreased with FOS supplementation. The heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was reduced which indicated lower stress.
คณะวิทยาศาสตร์
This special project aims to develop and compare the performance of gold price prediction models using quantitative variables and news text data. The study incorporates nine key predictors, including Brent crude oil prices, WTI crude oil prices, silver prices, platinum prices, the U.S. Federal Reserve's policy interest rate, the Nikkei 225 index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the S&P 500 index, and daily news articles from Bangkok Business News. Relevant news data will be processed using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and integrated with three predictive models: Gradient Boosting, Machine Learning Models, and Regression Analysis. The model performance will be evaluated using three key metrics: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Coefficient of Determination (R*). This research aims to develop a predictive model that effectively utilizes both quantitative variables and news data to enhance gold price forecasting, providing valuable insights for investors and analysts.