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Efficacy of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel hot water extract against Aeromonas hydrophila infection of seabass fingerling (Lates calcarifer)

Efficacy of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel hot water extract against Aeromonas hydrophila infection of seabass fingerling (Lates calcarifer)

Abstract

Mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) extract using hot water (MPE) has been shown to have antibacterial potential in freshwater sea bass (Lates calcarifer) larvae infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro studies showed that MPE has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 25 ppm and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 25 ppm. In vivo, sea bass larvae were immersed in various concentrations of MPE at 0 ppm (control), 20 ppm, 40 ppm and 60 ppm, respectively, for 7 days with A. hydrophila. The results showed that the MPE-treated group had a higher survival rate compared to the control group. Hematological parameters showed that the MPE-treated group had significantly increased red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations compared to the control group. In addition, the water quality parameters were not significantly different, except for ammonia concentration, with MPE having an ammonia concentration of 60 ppm being the lowest. All results can indicate that MPE can improve the antibacterial potential and the culture potential of sea bass larvae.

Objective

ปลากะพงขาว (Lates calcarifer) เป็นปลาที่ได้รับความนิยมมากที่สุดในอุตสาหกรรมการเพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำของไทย โดยเลี้ยงในน้ำจืดและน้ำกร่อย คิดเป็น 95.97% ของพื้นที่เพาะเลี้ยงปลาทะเลทั้งหมด ความสามารถในการปรับตัวและความง่ายในการเลี้ยงในน้ำจืดทำให้ตอบสนองความต้องการได้สูง แต่ยังประสบปัญหาโรคที่เกิดจากแบคทีเรีย เช่น Aeromonas hydrophila ซึ่งก่อให้เกิดโรคร้ายแรงและต้องการวิธีป้องกันที่เป็นมิตรต่อสิ่งแวดล้อม เปลือกมังคุด (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) ที่อุดมไปด้วยสารออกฤทธิ์ทางชีวภาพ แสดงคุณสมบัติต้านแบคทีเรียและเสริมภูมิคุ้มกันในสัตว์น้ำ จากการศึกษาพบว่าเปลือกมังคุดมีประสิทธิภาพในการต้านเชื้อโรคในปลา เช่น Vibrio harveyii และ A. hydrophila ซึ่งเป็นทางเลือกที่ยั่งยืนในการจัดการโรคในฟาร์มปลากะพงขาว

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