Soil is home to a diverse array of living organisms that interact within a complex food web, facilitating energy and nutrient cycling essential for sustaining life above ground. Among these organisms, soil microbes play a crucial role in supporting plant growth. Beneficial microorganisms enhance nutrient availability, improve soil structure by increasing porosity, and strengthen plant resistance to diseases. Conversely, harmful microorganisms, such as plant pathogens, can hinder plant growth and reduce crop yields when present in high concentrations. Neutral microorganisms, which naturally inhabit the soil, contribute to the soil ecosystem without directly impacting plants. A single teaspoon of soil contains over a billion microorganisms, yet only about 1% of them can be cultured in laboratory conditions. This highlights soil as one of the richest reservoirs of microbial diversity on Earth.
ในดินมีสิ่งมีชีวิตหลากหลายชนิดซึ่งมีความสัมพันธ์กันเป็นสายใยอาหารขนาดใหญ่ที่ทำให้เกิดการหมุนเวียนพลังงานและสารอาหารไปยังสิ่งมีชีวิตที่อาศัยอยู่บนดิน สิ่งมีชีวิตในดินทำหน้าที่สร้างอาหารสำหรับพืชเพื่อใช้ในการเจริญเติบโต ดินมีลักษณะเป็นรูพรุน มีทั้งน้ำ อากาศ ธาตุอาหารต่างๆ จึงเป็นแหล่งที่อยู่อาศัยของสิ่งมีชีวิตหลากหลายชนิด ซึ่งสิ่งมีชีวิตแต่ละชนิดจะมีบทบาทหลากหลายแตกต่างกันไป กลุ่มสิ่งมีชีวิตที่พบในดินได้แก่
คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์
The design and development of an electric locomotive for the TRRN Railway Challenge 2025 aims to enhance learning potential and apply various theories in practical settings. The focus is on developing the locomotive to pass various tests, including acceleration, automatic braking system, noise, vibration, energy consumption, and durability throughout the competition. Additionally, the project helps improve skills in writing engineering design reports, which enables students to develop their analytical and discussion abilities in order to successfully complete each test according to the competition rules.
คณะเทคโนโลยีการเกษตร
The extreme weathers according to PM 2.5 is a global problem with out any borders. This pollutant can directly attack human health. The objective of the study was aimed to develop medicinal plant essential oil emulsions in order to use to decrease PM 2.5 based on chemical characterization of water-soluble anions and cations. A mount of 31 medicinal plant essential oil emulsions were prepared and then initially careened and tested for their efficiency in reducing PM 2.5 under test chamber by spraying method. It was found that spraying for 1 hr with kaffir lime essential oil emulsion at 0.025% concentration could reduce PM 2.5 obtained from engine exhaust pipe effectively when PM 2.5 of 24.7 µg/m3 was detected within 6 hrs, followed by kaffir lime essential oil emulsion at 0.05% and Eucalyptus essential oil emulsion at 0.05% and 0.025% concentration resulting in 27.3, 30.0 and 95.3 µg/m3, respectively. Whereas, water (blank) and control group (water and carboxymethylcellulose, CMC 0.2%) showed high revels of PM 2.5 with 126.4 and 157.3 µg/m3, respectively. This kaffir lime essential oil emulsion at 0.025% concentration showed 3-6 time decline of PM 2.5 upward 2 hrs compared with control group. Field experiment was performed at 3 Bangkok parks, namely, Suantaweewanarom, Suanbankharepirom and Suanthonbureerom. There were many factors affecting the decline of PM 2.5 caused by this essential oil emulsion, particularly, the windy as well as temperature and humidity. PM 2.5 level tended to be decreased after the beginning of spraying. In general, PM 2.5 levels appeared at those 3 parks were decreased rapidly within 1 hr as by average of 21.8 (7.7-27.3) µg/m3, Whereas, decline of only 6.4 (5.0-8.0) µg/m3 was observed in control (water). Incase of calm wind, (10-20 km/hr) this plant essential oil emulsion could even reduce PM 2.5 at 37.0-44.0 µg/m3 and reached to 13.5-16.5 µg/m3 within 3 hrs. As high level of PM 2.5 as 98.0-101.0 µg/m3 , it could reduce PM 2.5 to be an average of 23.0-26.5 µg/m3 within 3 hrs, Whereas, the use of water performed low capacity of PM 2.5 reduction found with only 31.0-40.0 µg/m3. However, windy condition (15-35 km/hr), the efficacy of this essential oil emulsion seem to be lower but tended to work better than using water alone
วิทยาลัยวิศวกรรมสังคีต
Musical stories to enhance thinking skills of children aged 0-3 years using EF skills as a tool to enhance children development by focus on 3 basic skills. 1. Working memory 2. Inhibitory Control 3. Cognitive Flexibility